The term "modern humans" refers to a species of hominids, specifically Homo sapiens. It is used to distinguish contemporary human beings from extinct forms of early humans such as Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon people. Modern humans are characterized by their advanced cognitive abilities, including the capacity for language, abstract thinking, problem solving, and creativity. They also exhibit a high level of adaptability to different environments and have developed complex social structures, cultures, and technologies that set them apart from other species on Earth.